. Plate 5 from Richard Owen's (1877) "Researches on the fossil remains of the extinct mammals of Australia..." which depicts fossils from the caves of New South Wales.  Included are some illustrations (second row of figures from the bottom) of Thylacinus spelaeus (=cynocephalus).

However, he did not make a conclusive decision on T. rostralis, commenting that the specimens found in the southwestern region of the continent appeared to be smaller than average.  To avoid the complications which can occur when measuring juvenile skulls, Lowry (1972) took measurements of the specimens' teeth, which do not grow continuously throughout life.  The fossils from the southwest were 10% smaller than the average, and ones from Eucla 13% smaller, but were still within the acceptable size range for a single species.  Therefore, based upon current evidence, all thylacine material of Quaternary age (Pleistocene and Holocene epochs) should be considered as belonging to the modern species.  However, Thylacinus potens, the Late Miocene species described by Woodburne (1967), possesses anatomical differences which distinguish it from the modern T. cynocephalus, most notably, in the structure of its palate and molar teeth.  From the Alcoota Local Fauna of the Northern Territory, T. potens was also more massive in body build than the modern thylacine.

    In Tasmania, T. cynocephalus fossils have been found at Scotchtown (Gill 1953).  In Victoria, fossil material has been found at Keilor (Marshall 1974), in a cave near Gismore (Gill 1953), at Buchan (Hope 1974), Mt. Hamilton, 175 km west of Melbourne (Wakefield 1963), and at Nelson (Colliver 1938).  In South Australia, specimens of Pleistocene age were discovered within Victoria Cave, near Naracoorte (Smith 1972).  At nearby Henschke's Quarry Cave, more Pleistocene specimens were found which are around 32,000 years old (Pledge 1974), and occur in association with the fossils of species that are characteristic of the dry sclerophyll forests and dense heath habitats which still exist in the region today.  Additional South Australian localities for thylacine material include the Buckalowie Caves near Carrieton (Jones 1923), and an isolated, malformed tooth from Fromm's Landing, dated at 3,800 BP (Mulvaney et. al. 1964, and Archer 1971).

    In New South Wales, thylacine fossils have been found in the Wellington Caves (Owen 1877), the Wombeyan Caves (Broom 1896), and Lake Menindee (Tedford 1967).  The Lake Menindee specimens were recovered from a stratum between two layers of charcoal, dated at 26,300 and 18,800 years BP respectively.  In Queensland, sites include Cement Mills, Gore (Bartholomai 1977), Ellangowan, Pilton, Gowrie Creek and Chinchilla (DeVis 1894).